Water Operator Bibliotheca
SDWA Water / Wastewater Operator
USEPA National Service Center for Environmental Publications https://www.epa.gov/nscep
Wastewater Treatment
Mahmoudi, F.; Bachas, L.G. Application of Metal–Organic Framework-Based Composite Materials for Photodegradation of Dye Pollutants in Wastewater. Water 2024, 16, 3051. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16213051
Xu, F.; Zhao, S.; Li, B.; Li, H.; Ling, Z.; Zhang, G.; Liu, M. Current Status of Zero Liquid Discharge Technology for Desulfurization Wastewater. Water 2024, 16, 900. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16060900
Wastewater Treatment / Wastewater Lift Stations (from Gregory Pearson, Water & Wastewater Trainer of the Great Lakes Environmental Infrastructure Center)
Basic Wastewater Collection System. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. (1995). https://www.pca.state.mn.us/sites/default/files/wq-wwtp8-26.pdf
What is a Sewer Lift Station? Kingsport WWTP (2014). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iuTZYywmBMs
Sewage Pump Failure at Commercial Lift Station. NoCo Septics (2019). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9i8uZaIcqs4
Operation and Maintenance of Sewage Lift Stations. Newfoundland Labrador. (Sample Maintenance Checklist). https://www.gov.nl.ca/ecc/files/SOP-Lift-Station.pdf
How it Works – Lift Stations. Metropolitan Council. (2019). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z9-DXl028-Y
Sizing Guidelines for New or Replacement Sewage Pumps, Oberkorn, D. SSPMA Technical Committee. http://www.sspma.org/uploads/8/3/9/2/8392851/sspma_wwett_deron_oberkorn.pdf
Pump Sizing 101. Zoeller University On Demand (2020). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ETz2VzSBzqk
Collection Systems Technology Fact Sheet: Sewers, Lift Station. USEPA (2000). https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/sewers-lift_station.pdf
Wastewater Pump Troubleshooting Guide. Triple D Pump. https://www.tripledpump.com/troubleshooting.asp
Draw Down Testing on New Pump Stations. Romtec. https://romtecutilities.com/draw-down-testing-on-new-pump-stations/
Lift Station Level Sensing (Dwyer). https://blog.dwyer-inst.com/2021/01/06/lift-station-level-sensing/#sthash.o0z6mYMj.dpbs
Field Testing of Pump Stations. (Ohio WEA). https://www.ohiowea.org/docs/504%2020100616_Field%20Testing%20of%20Pump%20Stations_Ward_Roseberry.pdf
Wire to Water Efficiency. (Systecon). https://www.systecon.com/media/user/resources/Wire-to-Water%20Efficiency_R2_101821.pdf
What to know about wire to water efficiency. (Hazen and Sawyer). https://www.pumpsandsystems.com/what-know-about-wire-water-efficiency#:~:text=Similar%20to%20a%20hydraulic%20modeling,as%20shown%20in%20Image%201
Understanding Level Sensing. (Romtec). https://romtecutilities.com/understanding-level-sensing
How to test a submersible pump. (Crane). https://fengqiupumps.com/blog/how-to-test-a-submersible-pump.html
Safety Considerations for Lifting Submersible Pumps (Romtec). https://romtecutilities.com/safety-considerations-for-lifting-submersible-pumps/
Energy Characteristics and Internal Flow Field Analysis of Centrifugal Prefabricated Pumping Station with Two Pumps in Operation (Xie, C., Yuan, Z., Feng, A., Wang, Z., & Wu, L. (2022). Water, 14(17), 2705. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/17/2705
Vibration Monitoring of Pumps (Wilcoxon). https://wilcoxon.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Vibration-monitoring-of-pumps-1.pdf
Vibration Analysis of Electrical Submersible Pumps in Integration Tests (Minnette, R., 2016).https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327269445_Vibration_Analysis_of_Electrical_Submersible_Pumps_in_Integration_Tests
Electric submersible pump vibration analysis under several operational conditions for vibration fault differential diagnosis. (Reges, G. et al. 2021, Ocean Engineering vol 219. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0029801820311719
Motor Current Analysis. (Worktrek). https://worktrek.com/glossary/motor-current-analysis/
So tell me again what exactly is a lift station and how do they work? (Orlando 6). https://www.clickorlando.com/weather/2017/09/19/so-tell-me-again-what-exactly-is-a-lift-station-and-how-do-they-work/
Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) for Predictive Maintenance (sensemore). https://sensemore.io/motor-current-signature-analysis-mcsa-for-predictive-maintenance/
Motor Current Signature Analysis (Thomson, W. and Gilmore, R. https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/f1ab87ad-ad32-4190-892e-ceeff5c60f80/content
Motor Current Signature Analysis Applications (Alltestpro). https://alltestpro.com/motor-current-signature-analysis-mcsa-applications/
Applications for Motor Current Signature Analysis. (CBM Connect). https://www.cbmconnect.com/applications-for-motor-current-signature-analysis/
Checking the Condition of a Submersible Pump Motor. https://hevvypumps.com/checking-the-condition-of-a-submersible-pump-motor/#:~:text=When%20looking%20to%20test%20a,are%20here%20to%20help!!
Common Maintenance Tasks for Submersible Pumps. https://fengqiupumps.com/blog/common-maintenance-tasks-for-submersible-pumps.html
Pump Testing 101 (Pump Works). https://www.pumpworks.com/pump-testing-101-a-guide-for-industry-professionals/#:~:text=pump%20testing%20process:-,1.,know%20all%20about%20pump%20testing.
Making a Submersible Pump Test Station. https://www.thedriller.com/articles/85897-making-a-submersible-pump-test-station#:~:text=You%20will%20perform%20electrical%20tests%20to%20determine,pump%2C%20if%20it%20is%20pumping%20at%20all.
Wastewater Lift Station Design Standards (Washoe County, NV). https://washoecounty.gov/csd/engineering_capitalprojects/development_services/development_review_forms/wc_waste_water_lift_station_standards.pdf
Typical WW Lift Station Engineering Drawings (Broward County, FL). https://www.broward.org/WaterServices/Engineering/Documents/WWSTypicalStandardLiftStation.pdf
Lift Station Electrical Standards (Lee, FL). https://www.leegov.com/utilities/design-manual/proposed-lift-station-electrical-standards
Wastewater Pump Specifications. (Bay Laurel, FL). https://www.blccdd.com/pdf/2021/LIFT_STATION_SPECS_11_2021_FINAL.pdf
Water Environment Federation (2019). Sanitary Sewer Systems: Lift Stations and Data Management Fact Sheet. https://www.wef.org/globalassets/assets-wef/direct-download-library/public/03—resources/wsec-2019-fs-013—csc-mrrdc—lift-stations-and-data-management—final.pdf
Schwindamann, C. (2017). The Kansas Lifeline. Basics of Lift Station Maintenance. https://krwa.net/portals/krwa/lifeline/1703/BasicsofLiftStationMaintenance.pdf
Phoenix Pumps (n.d.). Standard Operating Guideline. Lift Station Inspection. https://www.phoenixpumps.com/pdf/Lift_Station_Maintenance_Guidelines.pdf
How it works. Lift Stations (video). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpJx-dpkvbg&t=41s
How do we pump sewage? (video). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHAsuPVBwYM
Drinking Water
[Webinar] Pearson. Gregory Filtration & Removal Processes Environmental Finance Center Network, 7 October 2025.
Operator
EFCN (Environmental Finance Center Network)
Water Resources
Kane, Joseph W. AI, data centers, and water: A growing need for regional coordination amid economic development potential (Commentary). Brookings, 20 November 2025. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/ai-data-centers-and-water/
Jarzebski, M.P.; Karthe, D.; Chapagain, S.K.; Setiawati, M.D.; Wadumestrige Dona, C.G.; Pu, J.; Fukushi, K. Comparative Analysis of Water Sustainability Indices: A Systematic Review. Water 2024, 16, 961. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16070961Abdoulkader, M.S.; Komai, K. A Modified Fick’s First Law Incorporating a Flux Correction Factor for Nutrient Diffusion in Intertidal Sediments. Water 2025, 17, 2958. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17202958
De Filippi, F.M.; Sappa, G. Combined Well Multi-Parameter Logs and Low-Flow Purging Data for Soil Permeability Assessment and Related Effects on Groundwater Sampling. Hydrology 2023, 10, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology10010012
Le, X.-H.; Huynh, T.T.; Song, M.; Lee, G. Quantifying Predictive Uncertainty and Feature Selection in River Bed Load Estimation: A Multi-Model Machine Learning Approach with Particle Swarm Optimization. Water 2024, 16, 1945. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16141945
Trotta, S.; Binda, G.; Pozzi, A.; Michetti, A.M. Unravelling the Effect of Sediment Properties on As(V) and As(III) Adsorption/Desorption Processes: Implications for Groundwater Geochemistry. Water 2025, 17, 2616. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17172616
Mustapha, Musa, et. al. A hybrid machine learning approach for imbalanced irrigation water quality classification. Desalination and Water Treatment. Volume 321, January 2025, 100910 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100910
Aquaculture
[Podcast] Lens, Danae and Cooper, Leigh. Vandal Theory Podcast Episode 10.8: Inside the science driving Idaho’s thriving fish industry. University of Idaho. 17 November 2025.
Song, Chaowei, Tiansheng Zhu, Ran Cai, et al. “Nitrite Exposure on Gills of Oreochromis Niloticus: Structure Change, Immune Response, and Apoptosis.” Frontiers in Marine Science 12 (November 2025): 1655930. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1655930.
Study signals potential evolution of resistance to depth-based lice control. SalmonBusiness, 20 November 2025. https://www.salmonbusiness.com/study-signals-potential-evolution-of-resistance-to-depth-based-lice-control/ An ubgated copy of O’Neill's paper can be found at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/eva.70167
Old canned salmon used to track parasite trends in Alaska. SalmonBusiness, 21 November 2025. https://www.salmonbusiness.com/old-canned-salmon-used-to-track-parasite-trends-in-alaska/. An OpenAccess copy of Mastick and Wood's paper can be found at https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11043
WOAH launches mobile app to support field diagnosis of aquatic animal diseases. Hatchery & Feed Management, 4 November 2025. https://hatcheryfm.com/news/latest-news/woah-launches-mobile-app-to-support-field-diagnosis-of-aquatic-animal-diseases/
[Podcast] Suttle, Curtis and Zhong, Kevin Xu. Probing the die-off of Pacific oysters. National Academy of Sciences, 10 November 2025. https://www.pnas.org/post/podcast/probing-die-off-pacific-oysters/
SCRATCH
Sarangi, N. V. (2025). *Seaweed biosorption: A green solution for heavy metal …* Desalination and Water Treatment. Advance online publication. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dwt.2025.5000529](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dwt.2025.5000529)Common water quality data reporting and recording Field Forms Index (in use by SnoKing Watershed Council and other organizations) as a downloadable *.zip file.
Ibnouf, M., Jaber, H., Abukhalifeh, H., Ghazal, M., Ramadan, M., & Alkhedher, M. (2025). *A comprehensive review of AI algorithms for performance prediction, optimization, and process control in desalination systems*. Desalination and Water Treatment, 321, Article 100892. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100892](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100892)
